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Pepper
- "Jalapeno"
Heirloom
(Mr Fothergill's) The classic American pizza pepper. Fill with cream cheese,
batter and deep fry to make chili poppers!
[hah-lah-PEH-nyoh]. The Jalapeno originated in Mexico - it is named after
the Veracruz city of Xalapa (Jalapa) - and is America's most popular chile. It
is between 5 and 7.5 cm long and 2.5-4 cm wide at the top end, tapering to a
point. It is fleshy and quite pithy and seedy inside (pith and seeds should be
removed). Whether green or red, it is ideal for any use, raw or cooked. African
Snub, Kenyan and Caribe chiles are much more readily available in Europe and are
almost indistinguishable from Jalapenos, with a similar heat level of 5. 2,000
to 5,000 SHU. The name Jalapeno comes from its ancient production center, Jalapa
in the state of Veracruz even though it is no longer planted there. It is also
known by other names such as Cuaresmeno, Gordo or Huachinango, depending on the
region. When dried, the Jalapeno is known as "Chipotle" and about 20%
of the total production is destined to its production. There are many varieties,
including Tipico, Meco and Morita which are all very popular in Mexican cuisine.
About 15 thousand acres are planted annually in three main areas: 1. The lower
basin of the Papaloapan river (south of Veracruz and north of Oaxaca), 2. North
of Veracruz, 3. The region of Delicias, Chihuahua. It is also cultivated on a
smaller scale in the states of Jalisco, Nayarit, Sonora, Sinaloa and Chiapas.
Some interesting facts on this chile is that the seeds for the commercial types
of the Jalapeno chile planted in Chihuahua come from the United States and are
grown exclusively for their export to the same North American market. The Morita
Americano and Early Jalapeno are less hot and with a different taste than their
Mexican cousin. Around 20% of the Jalapeno harvest is dehydrated for Chipotle
sauce. Peppers turn red at maturity. Harvest in 70-75 days. (Capsicum annuum).
Prefers hot, humid growing season, 25-35 pods per plant. Plant grows with an
upright habit.
| STATUS |
DISTRIBUTION |
| Secure |
Good |
| Not currently propagated by Seeds of Diversity's seed-savers. |
| Commonly available from several mail-order seed companies. Easy to
find. |
| Not maintained by the Canadian gene bank. |
| Not maintained by the U.S. gene bank. |
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